FERNANDO DEL POZZO GRACIANO DE SOUZA

The main objective of this research is to offer a precise definition of the concept of haecceitas introduced by John Duns Scotus in the history of philosophy. The aim is to clarify how it is possible to conceive of a formal, but not real, distinction that occupies a central position in the debate on the individuation of beings. For Duns Scotus, essence and existence are so integrated that the actualization of form requires nothing other than haecceitas. This implies that, in the process of individuation, it is not matter, form, or compound that acts as a cause, but rather a positive principle, haecceitas, that determines being in a singular and specific way. This concept is presented as the ultimate actualization of form, conferring ultimate reality to beings (ultima realitas entis). The research proposes to explore the concept of haecceitas in relation to the thesis of the univocity of beings, formulating the hypothesis that this thesis allows the exclusion of matter as a principle of individuation, contradicting the prevailing interpretation at the time.