HANNAH LOURDES RAMOS

The following research investigates specifics conceptual questions concerning Niccolò Machiavelli, knowingly the mixed constitution problematic and its relationship with the author’s ideal of republic. From a conceptual analysis of the mixed constitution in the theory of Greek historian Polybius, from who Machiavelli borrows the six governments cycle idea, the research seeks to investigate this political process’ relationship with what the Italian author calls republic. Considering the Discourses on Livy, it is possible to say that, for Machiavelli, the mixed constitution is not only a type of republic, but the ideal form which leads it to perfection and success – something demonstrated by his rescue of the humanist tradition, and marked by the analysis of ancient history and by the influence of classical authors, especially those who explore Rome’s political experience. Polybius’ influence turns decisive because it helps build the argument that no pure form of government holds itself on its own, thus making a mixed constitution based on principles necessary for a republic to be successful – but not without approximations and estrangements between both authors.