JOSÉ CARLOS ANDRÉ DA SILVA

Nietzsche produced an intense intellectual work on humanity's process of civilization, in which he diagnosed that it had been in decline since the emergence of Socrates, Plato and Christianity, founded by the apostle Paul. In which it is marked by a state of denial of life, a movement contrary to human nature, in other words, a fight against and devaluation of the body and all its drives and affective motions. This denial took place by confronting and seeking to annihilate the instincts, impulses and affections belonging to the body; however, because these are instances that cannot be suppressed - given that they are irredeemable constituents of human nature - it became necessary to create psychological constructs such as resentment, bad conscience, nihilism and so on, which could give these fundamental instances a new meaning. As a way of confronting this process of negating life, Nietzsche suggests the figure of the beyond-man, who must transvalue all values and overcome this state of decadence, which will be overcome through a therapeutics of the affections, which will consist of finding favorable means for cultivating active affections.