Fernando Del Pozzo Graciano de Souza

This project aims to investigate how John Duns Scotus articulates the concepts of univocity of being, formal distinction a parte rei, and individuation by haecceitas in the elaboration of a coherent account of the unity of being as being. The research is based on the hypothesis that the univocity of being constitutes the logical and ontological condition for the intelligibility of the natura communis, understood as a middle term between essence and singularity. The formal distinction, in turn, allows for the recognition of a real multiplicity of formalities without compromising essential unity, making possible the co-intelligibility of the properties of being. The haecceitas, finally, constitutes the unrepeatable actualization of the singularized being, without rupture from the previous levels of unity and formal multiplicity. The goal is to reconstruct this articulation based on Scotus’ primary sources, especially the Ordinatio, the Quaestiones quodlibetales, and the Quaestiones super Metaphysicam, through a rigorous technical-philosophical analysis of the Scotist conceptual system.