ANDRÉ RODRIGUES FERREIRA PEREZ

Kant asserts that logic, a concluded science, has not been able to advance a single step, nor needed to retreat, since Aristotle. Despite the permanence of some elements, it’s wrong to assume that such science enjoyed a bimillennial doctrinal univocity. Kant held necessary to neutralize the referential claims of universal logic, and to superordinate it to a particular logic, which deals with referential capacity of related extensions. It is interesting to note that in the lectures from 1789 onwards Wolff occupies a prominent role: Kant attributes to him the best available logic; a universal logic on the safe path of science, which no longer needs any discovery or addition. For Wolff logic, a non-founding but founded science, takes its principles from psychology and from ontology. For Kant, to found logic in empirical psychology means making it empirical, since effects give us the occasional cause to seek their conditions, but do not offer their ground through their description. To found it in ontology means not recognizing the irreducibility between a being integrally determined by positive realities and a concept to which only one of two contradictorily opposed predicates belongs.