BRUNO OBERLANDER ERBELLA

The theme of this dissertation is the analogical relationship between Natural History and Human History in Kant's passage between nature as a teleological system and the human species as teleologically oriented, both under the use of the teleological judgment. In this sense, the guiding thread is the concept of finality (Zweckmässigkeit), which takes various forms throughout the Critique of Judgment (1790). The development of the dissertation is aimed at explaining the articulation of these forms and, among them, especially the internal and external finalities, which occurs in the Doctrine of the Method of the Teleological Judgment. In addition to the chapters of the third critique where these finalities are concep-tualized, the origin of the themes involving teleology was investigated in some opuscula written in the 1780s. In these, the use of teleological principles in naturalistic questions - Determination of the Concept of the Human Race (1785) - and historiographical questions (Idea of a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View (1784); Conjectural Begin-ning of Human History (1786) - establish the similarities and differences of these analogous fields and indicate their pertinence in the constitution of the finalities of the third critique. The influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, fundamental to the constitution of the Kantian phi-losophy of history, was also investigated, since it was in debate with the Genevan philoso-pher that Kant introduced the anthropological elements that constitute his historicist concep-tion of humanity. In conclusion, the dissertation shows how, at the end of the Critique of Judgment, the naturalistic, anthropological and moral conceptions of the species are articu-lated in a teleologically-oriented historical structure.